Cap'n Trade how do we reach the BOPS

In our Economics class we are delving more deeply into Cap and Trade. I am curious how this top-down approach is really addressing the Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP's). If more than 80% of the global population has less than $3,000 of disposable income per year, and they are also the part of the population that is going to require the most energy (possibly fuel) to convert their quality of life, how can cap and trade really get the the meat of the climate change problem? I am impressed that global cap and trade emissions has already created a massive asset class in emissions trading, but it does not address the majority of our global population that is not yet responsible for emitting carbon. I am optimistic that we can find solutions to our carbon problem that do not perpetuate inequity for the BOPs. The social implications of climate change are only subtle undertones at this point. Glacial melt will eventually displace indigenous communities in high alpine regions of the world. How do we address these approaching threats while continuing to innovate and mitigate emissions from the industrial nations?